Which set of techniques includes site preparation, planting, and natural regeneration?

• A. Seed-tree method
• B. Shelterwood method
• C. Regeneration strategies
• D. Crown thinning

Answer: (C)

Regeneration strategies involve planning how a forest stand will come back after disturbance, and they include the key steps to establish new trees: preparing the site so seedlings can establish, directly planting or seeding to reestablish stock, and encouraging natural regeneration from existing seeds or nearby trees. This broad approach covers the full toolbox used to reestablish a stand, not just a single method.

The seed-tree and shelterwood options are specific approaches to initiating regeneration that rely on seed sources from remaining trees, but they don’t by themselves encompass the full set of actions (site preparation and active planting) that regeneration strategies describe. Crown thinning is a thinning operation aimed at improving growth of remaining trees, not a regeneration plan.